The writer has explained a very factual situation while comparing China with America.  The difference is because of America's bad, short-sighted and lenient foreign policies.  If you go back may be five decades, China was suffering from all kinds of sanctions imposed by the USA.  China was a country full of drug addicts, and no one dared to buy any Chinese products due to inferior quality. Today's China is the making of this country's one-sided policies which brought China from being a backward country to the fore front of one of the global economic powers.

This economic prosperity has brought lot of construction in China.  Unfortunately, the occupancy rate in those skyscrapers is very low even though lot of people are being brought from the rural to the urban areas.  That may not play a constructive role, the moment Chinese economy goes south which means a real estate meltdown.  Mostly, Chinese economy is 'exported' oriented.

True, China cann't expand its own territory due to geographical location, as the writer pointed out wisely.  However, China, by using its economic power, flexing its tentacles in other countries - Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Burma, Uganda, Afghanistan and Africa etc.- by way of developing their ports and other infrastructure.  China provides loans to all those countries at a higher rate with the provision that if a country cannot pay back, then China will own that land on a lease basis for a long term.  Hence, that enables China to achieve its territorial expansionist objective.

Other than that, there is no comparison between China and America.  They have two separate set of governments - totalitarian vs. democracy; controlled regime vs. liberty and freedom; one language medium(English) vs. two main languages- Cantonese and Mandarin ( one does not understand the other) etc.

The key element of this article is the security issue.  America has been on the forefront of all nations due to its heavy investment in the area of "R & D"  Even though for the last 3-4 decades, America has lost most of its manufacturing base, it still remained a super power because of investment in the "R & D" area.

I hope Trump stays in the WH for full two terms and bring back its lost heavy manufacturing base.

Thanks, Bhatiaji, this was a very good and informative article